Multiple myeloma and the pathways associated with it and TGF-B. see Research Paper

Multiple myeloma and the pathways associated with it and TGF-B. see discription of project - Research Paper mannequinThese cells are in like manner characterized by the somatic hyper mutation of the Ig genes extensively. The Multiple myeloma (MM) cells sacrifice 1- 3% of the cycling cells with a low rate of proliferation. (Kuehl and Bergsagel, 2012). MM leads to resistive deficiency, renal dysfunction, anemia and bone lesions. In United States, its incidence level is at the rate of 20000 per year and records as the second hematopoietic malignancy. Though thither is no cure for this disease yet, the survival rate has increased from 3 years to 6 years. (Kuehl and Bergsagel, 2012).The International system of staging has classified multiple myeloma to have three stages Serum Beta 2 microglobulin , serum albumin, serum creatinine, and platelet count along with the age of the patients are used as the powerful come upon chemical elements for determining the survival rate of the patien ts with multiple myeloma. The submersion of serum beta 2 microglobulin in renal filtrate was found to influence the kidney function and also the best indicator of tumor burden in the patients with multiple myeloma. A multivariate analysis has found that serum beta 2 immunoglobulin factor concentrations was independent of serum creatinine and serum albumin concentration and remains as an independent prognostic factor. In stage I, the beta 2 immunoglobulin concentration is 3.5 mg/ L along with serum albumin concentration as 3.5 g / dL. At stage II, is the intermediate stage median survival of nearly 44 months and the last stage is stage III with median survival of only 29 months and the beta 2 immunoglobulin concentration being 5.5 mg/ L. (Yun et al., 2006).Multiple myeloma is a less frequent fatal cancer in both men and women. Multiple myeloma cases constitute about 0.8% of the cancer cases annually. The most measurable factors that cause multiple myeloma was found to be Tobacco c hewing, Alcohol consumption, Diet, Obesity, different physical activities, some hormonal factors, Ionizing radiation.